how-the-steel-was-tempered

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How the Steel Was Tempered is Nikolai Ostrovsky's epic semi-autobiographical novel, the only book he ever completed before his life was cut tragically short by illness at the age of 32 in 1936. Ostrovsky was a teenage soldier in the Red Army during the Civil War, before continuing his work in the Communist Youth League (Komsomol) and frequently appeared in Soviet magazines and on radio. Through its hero, Pavel Korchagin who begins the story as a boy slaving in the kitchens of a railway station restaurant in wartorn Tsarist Ukraine, the book follows not just Korchagin's developing life but also the development of socialism from the ashes of the First World War, through the triumph of the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution to the launch of the Soviet Union's planned economy at the end of the 1920s. In work and war Korchagin's view of life is described by Ostrovsky's brilliant and famous words: "Our dearest possession is life. It is given to us but once. And we must live it so as to feel no torturing regrets for wasted years, never know the burning shame of a mean and petty past; so live, that dying we might say: all my life all my strength were given to the finest cause in all the world - the fight for the Liberation of Humankind."

How the Steel Was Tempered is a socialist realist novel written by Nikolai Ostrovsky (1904–1936). Pavel ("Pavka") Korchagin is the central character. Nikolay Ostrovsky, the Soviet writer, is the author of the novel “How the Steel was Tempered,” one of the most famous books in the USSR. Ostrovsky is praised for his extraordinary spirit. He was blind and invalid due to a serious disease, but still he managed to create his articles and novels. Friends and colleagues of the author confessed that his life was a true feat.

A classic novel arising from the Soviet Union in the thirties, How the Steel Was Tempered is a fictionalized account of author Nikolai Ostrovsky's experiences in fighting for the Bolsheviks during the Civil War and his difficulty in overcoming crippling injuries after the war ended. Centering on a young man named Pavel Korchagin, How the Steel Was Tempered follows his journey from ill-mannered malcontent through to disciplined soldier of the revolution, in the process coming to epitomize the ideal of the New Man. How the Steel Was Tempered is presented here as a special edition by author J.T. Marsh as a means of preserving and disseminating a classic piece of working class literature. As part of the rich history of such literature, How the Steel Was Tempered is invaluable in embodying the constant struggle of the working class to be the masters of their own destiny.

How the Steel Was Tempered is Nikolai Ostrovsky's epic semi-autobiographical novel, the only book he ever completed before his life was cut tragically short by illness at the age of 32 in 1936. Ostrovsky was a teenage soldier in the Red Army during the Civil War, before continuing his work in the Communist Youth League (Komsomol) and frequently appeared in Soviet magazines and on radio. Through its hero, Pavel Korchagin who begins the story as a boy slaving in the kitchens of a railway station restaurant in wartorn Tsarist Ukraine, the book follows not just Korchagin's developing life but also the development of socialism from the ashes of the First World War, through the triumph of the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution to the launch of the Soviet Union's planned economy at the end of the 1920s. In work and war Korchagin's view of life is described by Ostrovsky's brilliant and famous words: "Our dearest possession is life. It is given to us but once. And we must live it so as to feel no torturing regrets for wasted years, never know the burning shame of a mean and petty past; so live, that dying we might say: all my life all my strength were given to the finest cause in all the world - the fight for the Liberation of Humankind."

A classic novel arising from the Soviet Union in the thirties, How the Steel Was Tempered is a fictionalized account of author Nikolai Ostrovsky's experiences in fighting for the Bolsheviks during the Civil War and his difficulty in overcoming crippling injuries after the war ended. Centering on a young man named Pavel Korchagin, How the Steel Was Tempered follows his journey from ill-mannered malcontent through to disciplined soldier of the revolution, in the process coming to epitomize the ideal of the New Man. How the Steel Was Tempered is presented here as a special edition by author J.T. Marsh as a means of preserving and disseminating a classic piece of working class literature. As part of the rich history of such literature, How the Steel Was Tempered is invaluable in embodying the constant struggle of the working class to be the masters of their own destiny.

A classic novel arising from the Soviet Union in the thirties, How the Steel Was Tempered is a fictionalized account of author Nikolai Ostrovsky's experiences in fighting for the Bolsheviks during the Civil War and his difficulty in overcoming crippling injuries after the war ended. Centering on a young man named Pavel Korchagin, How the Steel Was Tempered follows his journey from ill-mannered malcontent through to disciplined soldier of the revolution, in the process coming to epitomize the ideal of the New Man. How the Steel Was Tempered is presented here as a special edition by author J.T. Marsh as a means of preserving and disseminating a classic piece of working class literature. As part of the rich history of such literature, How the Steel Was Tempered is invaluable in embodying the constant struggle of the working class to be the masters of their own destiny.

Vladimir Nabokov complained about the number of Dostoevsky's characters "sinning their way to Jesus." In truth, Christ is an elusive figure not only in Dostoevsky's novels, but in Russian literature as a whole. The rise of the historical critical method of biblical criticism in the nineteenth century and the growth of secularism it stimulated made an earnest affirmation of Jesus in literature highly problematic. If they affirmed Jesus too directly, writers paradoxically risked diminishing him, either by deploying faith explanations that no longer persuade in an age of skepticism or by reducing Christ to a mere argument in an ideological dispute. The writers at the heart of this study understood that to reimage Christ for their age, they had to make him known through indirect, even negative ways, lest what they say about him be mistaken for cliche, doctrine, or naïve apologetics. The Christology of Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoy, Mikhail Bulgakov, and Boris Pasternak is thus apophatic because they deploy negative formulations (saying what God is not) in their writings about Jesus. Professions of atheism in Dostoevsky and Tolstoy's non-divine Jesus are but separate negative paths toward truer discernment of Christ. This first study in English of the image of Christ in Russian literature highlights the importance of apophaticism as a theological practice and a literary method in understanding the Russian Christ. It also emphasizes the importance of skepticism in Russian literary attitudes toward Jesus on the part of writers whose private crucibles of doubt produced some of the most provocative and enduring images of Christ in world literature. This important study will appeal to scholars and students of Orthodox Christianity and Russian literature, as well as educated general readers interested in religion and nineteenth-century Russian novels.

Includes entries for maps and atlases.

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